10 questions
Shipping, Incoterms and customs
The shipping term in the quote decides who arranges and pays for transport and who carries risk at each stage. Correct documents and a customs broker keep goods moving.
What is the difference between EXW and FOB?
Under EXW the seller makes the goods available at the factory and the buyer handles loading, export clearance and transport. Under FOB the seller clears the goods for export and loads them on the vessel, and the buyer takes over from there. FOB applies to sea freight only.
What is DDP and is it a good idea?
Under DDP the seller delivers the goods to your door with import duties paid. It can look simple, but it is not practical for every destination and it hides the cost build-up. Many importers prefer to clear imports themselves.
What is cheaper: air, sea or road freight?
Sea is usually cheapest for large volumes and slowest, air is fastest and costs most, and road is common between Türkiye and neighbouring regions such as Europe and the Middle East. Choose by urgency, volume and destination.
How are garments packed for shipping?
Usually folded in polybags inside cartons, with sizes and colours marked. Hanging transport on rails keeps premium garments uncreased but costs more. Tell us how your warehouse receives goods and we will pack accordingly.
What are the HS codes for women’s clothing?
In the Harmonized System, women’s woven garments fall under chapter 62 and knitted garments under chapter 61: for example 6204 for woven suits, dresses, skirts and trousers, 6104 for the knitted equivalents, 6206 and 6106 for blouses and shirts, 6202 and 6102 for coats. Your customs broker confirms the exact code.
Do I need an importer of record?
Many destinations require a legally registered importer who is responsible for clearing the goods. Ask your customs broker whether you need an importer of record and what registration is required.
What is a customs broker and do I need one?
A customs broker is a licensed agent who files import declarations and handles clearance for you. Most importers use one, especially for a first shipment.
What documents accompany the shipment?
Normally a commercial invoice, a packing list and a transport document, plus proof of origin or a movement certificate where it applies, and any certificates your destination requires. Your importer or broker confirms the list.
Should I insure the shipment?
Yes, cargo insurance is advisable. Under terms such as EXW or FOB the buyer arranges insurance, and under CIF the seller provides minimum cover. Check what the cover includes.
What happens if customs delays or seizes the goods?
Contact your broker straight away and supply the documents requested. Delays often come from missing documents, an unclear description or a value that does not match the invoice. Storage fees can accrue, so act quickly.
General information, not legal or customs advice. Rules change and differ by country: confirm the details that apply to your shipment with your customs broker or importer.